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Is Addiction a Disease?

Many major medical organizations describe addiction as a treatable, chronic medical condition. The American Society of Addiction Medicine, for example, defines it as involving complex interactions among brain circuits, genetics, the environment and a person's life experiences. That view does not remove choice or responsibility, but it explains why addiction is so hard to stop through willpower alone, and why it responds to treatment.

What addiction is

Addiction is a pattern of continuing to use a substance or engage in a behaviour despite harm, with loss of control and strong cravings. It can involve alcohol, cannabis, opioids, stimulants and other drugs, and also behaviours such as gambling. Common signs include:

Using more, or for longer, than intended.
Trying to cut down and not managing to.
Cravings that are hard to ignore.
Giving up activities and relationships that used to matter.
Continuing despite health, work, money or relationship problems.
Needing more to get the same effect, and feeling unwell when stopping.

Why it is described as a disease

Repeated substance use changes how the brain's reward, motivation and self-control systems work. Over time, the substance becomes more important than other rewards, cravings strengthen, and the parts of the brain involved in weighing consequences have less pull. Genetics account for a meaningful share of a person's risk, and trauma, stress and early exposure add to it.

The case for choice

Not everyone agrees with the disease model. Critics point out that many people recover without formal treatment, that circumstances strongly shape use, and that a disease label can leave some people feeling powerless. Most clinicians today take a biopsychosocial view: biology, psychology and circumstances all matter, and people can make choices that change their course, especially with support.

Why the answer matters

Seeing addiction as a health condition rather than a moral failing reduces shame, and shame is one of the biggest barriers to getting help. It also sets realistic expectations. Like other chronic conditions, addiction can involve setbacks, and a return to use is a signal to adjust the plan rather than proof that treatment has failed.

What helps

Counselling and therapy, including cognitive behavioural and motivational approaches.
Medical support for withdrawal and, for some substances, medications that reduce cravings or risk.
Peer support and recovery communities.
Treating what sits underneath, such as trauma, depression or anxiety.
Support for families, who are affected too.

Help in Alberta

The Alberta Addiction Helpline, 1-866-332-2322, is free and available 24/7. If someone may be overdosing, call 911. For thoughts of suicide, call or text 988.

Addiction counselling at Supporting Wellness

We offer addiction counselling in Calgary, Red Deer and Cold Lake, for people who are struggling and for partners, parents and other family members affected by someone else's use. No referral is needed, and sessions are confidential. Call 1-888-622-8350.

We direct bill many insurers, including Alberta Blue Cross, Canada Life, Sun Life, Manulife, Greenshield and NIHB, so you pay only the part your plan does not cover. See direct billing and insurance.

Book online

Call 1-888-622-8350

Direct billing and insurance

Our Matching Process

Over the Phone Consult

Give us a call for an over-the-phone consultation. Booking a therapy session requires no referral. We look forward to getting to know you and helping you access the care you need.

Pair With a Practitioner

Once we’ve spoken on the phone, we’ll be able to assess your concerns and pair you with a practitioner in our office who is best suited for your situation. We want you to receive relevant and relatable support. We have locations in Calgary, Red Deer and Cold Lake.

Come in to Talk

We look forward to having you come in for your first session; our goal is to make you feel welcome and comfortable. You will sit down with a therapist who has specialized knowledge of your area of concern.

Why Choose Supporting Wellness

Safe & Welcoming Environment

Our office is comfortable and inviting for clients of all ages with a modern, open, and friendly atmosphere. We do our best to ensure you feel completely safe and comfortable when you come for your appointment, whether with a family member or on your own.

Family Oriented Practice

We cater to families with multiple concerns. We are knowledgeable about marriage and family counselling, couples therapy, and child therapy. We are dedicated to maintaining an environment that is safe, comfortable and inviting to families.

We Listen & Work Collaboratively

We use a collaborative approach in our therapy and counselling sessions. We listen intently, respond with care, offer helpful feedback, and often recommend activities or reading materials to support progress between sessions.

Specialized Care

Our team includes specialized psychologists and therapists with advanced training. You can trust that the professional supporting you has the experience and expertise needed to provide high-quality care.

No Referral Necessary

We do not require a referral from your family physician; seeking care from one of our trained practitioners is the first step to better mental and emotional health, and we want you to have easy access to the care you need.

Free Connection Calls

All of our therapists offer free 15-minute connection calls to help you determine if they’re the right fit for your needs. It’s a chance to ask questions, share what you’re looking for, and feel confident in your next steps, so you can move forward knowing you’re supported from the very beginning.